ICT Computer@12th

ICT Computer@12th

ICT Computer@12th
Class 12th

Class 12 Computer Science Notes

Chapter 1: Review of Class 11 Python Basics

Data Types: int, float, string, boolean, list, tuple, dictionary
Operators: Arithmetic, Relational, Logical, Bitwise
Control Structures: if-else, loops (for, while)
Functions: Definition, arguments, return statement
Modules: Importing standard and user-defined modules

Chapter 2: Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in Python

2.1 OOP Concepts

Class and Object
Encapsulation, Abstraction, Inheritance, Polymorphism
Constructor (init method)
Self Parameter

2.2 Implementing OOP in Python

Creating Classes and Objects
Using Methods and Attributes
Inheritance and Method Overriding

Chapter 3: Data Structures in Python

3.1 Lists and Tuples

List operations: Append, Insert, Remove, Sort
Tuple operations: Accessing elements, Slicing

3.2 Stacks and Queues

Stack: LIFO (Last In First Out), push(), pop()
Queue: FIFO (First In First Out), enqueue(), dequeue()

3.3 Searching and Sorting Algorithms

Linear Search, Binary Search
Bubble Sort, Selection Sort, Insertion Sort

Chapter 4: Database Management System (DBMS)

4.1 Introduction to DBMS

Definition: Collection of interrelated data
Advantages of DBMS over File System
SQL Basics: DDL (CREATE, ALTER, DROP), DML (SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE)

4.2 Using SQL with Python

Connecting Python with MySQL
Executing Queries in Python

Chapter 5: Computer Networks

5.1 Basics of Networking

Types: LAN, MAN, WAN
Network Topologies: Star, Bus, Ring
Protocols: HTTP, FTP, TCP/IP

5.2 Internet and Web Technologies

Web Development Basics: HTML, CSS, JavaScript
Introduction to XML and JSON

Chapter 6: Cybersecurity and Ethical Issues

6.1 Cyber Threats and Security Measures

Malware, Phishing, Hacking, Viruses
Security Measures: Firewalls, Encryption, Password Management

6.2 Ethical and Legal Issues

Intellectual Property Rights
Digital Privacy and Data Protection Laws

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