ICT Computer@11th

ICT Computer@11th

ICT Computer @11th
Class -11th

Class 11 Computer Science Notes

Chapter 1: Introduction to Computer System

1.1 Basics of Computer System

Definition: A computer is an electronic device that processes data and performs tasks according to a set of instructions (software).
Components of a Computer System:
- Hardware: Physical parts (CPU, RAM, Hard Drive, etc.)
- Software: Set of instructions (Operating System, Applications)
- Users: People who use the computer.

1.2 Input, Output, and Storage Devices

Input Devices: Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Microphone
Output Devices: Monitor, Printer, Speakers
Storage Devices: HDD, SSD, USB, Cloud Storage

Chapter 2: Computer Memory

2.1 Types of Memory

Primary Memory (Volatile):
- RAM (Random Access Memory)
- ROM (Read Only Memory)
Secondary Memory (Non-Volatile):
- Hard Disk, SSD, Optical Discs
Cache Memory & Registers: Used for faster processing.

Chapter 3: Number System and Boolean Algebra

3.1 Number Systems

Binary (Base 2): 0,1
Octal (Base 8): 0-7
Decimal (Base 10): 0-9
Hexadecimal (Base 16): 0-9, A-F

3.2 Boolean Algebra

Basic Gates: AND, OR, NOT
Universal Gates: NAND, NOR
Boolean Laws: Commutative, Associative, Distributive, De Morgan’s Theorem

Chapter 4: Introduction to Python Programming

4.1 Basics of Python

Features: Simple syntax, Object-Oriented, Interpreted Language
Data Types: int, float, string, boolean, list, tuple, dictionary
Operators: Arithmetic, Relational, Logical
Control Statements: if-else, loops (for, while)

4.2 Functions and Modules

Functions: def keyword, arguments, return statement
Modules: Importing modules (math, random, datetime)

Chapter 5: Cybersecurity and Ethics

5.1 Cyber Threats and Security

Malware, Phishing, Hacking, Viruses
Security Measures: Firewalls, Antivirus, Encryption

5.2 Ethical Issues

Digital Rights, Intellectual Property, Privacy Concerns

Chapter 6: Database Management System (DBMS)

6.1 Introduction to DBMS

Definition: Software for managing databases
Examples: MySQL, Oracle, MongoDB
SQL Basics: SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE

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